Art of casting pipes.



PATENTED NOV. 12. 1907.

E. A. OUSTBR.

ART OF CASTING PIPES.

APPLICATION FILED APR 22 1907 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

IN VE N 7'01? I TTORNEY.

No. 870,817. PATENTEDNOT 12, 1907.

B. A. GUSTER.

ART OF CASTING PIPES.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 22, 1907.

3 SHEETSSHEE.T 2.

2/ WITNESSESA $8 @LNTM .4 TTORNEY.

No. 870,817. I PATENTED NOV.112, 1907.

B. A. GUSTBR.

ART OF CASTING PIPES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 22, 1907.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WITNESSES "IVE/ T0 W f h 711 M jw d.

A TTORIIE).

' UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE;

ART OF CASTING PIPES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 22 1907. Serial No. 369,489-

To all whom it may concern:

'Be it known that 1, EDGAR A. ()usTER, a citizen of theUnitetlstates, residing at the city of Philadelphia, 5

in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania havgiin vented certain new and useful Improvements init'he Art of asting Metal Pipes. of which the l'ollowing is a specifit'ration.

. My invjthnm has relation to the art of casting metal pipes; and in such connection it relates particularly to the manner of casting such pipes from molten metal, in permanent molds, without employing gritty matter. such sand, as molds for the formation of the pipes; and further the casting of a pipe for soil, water or other purposes, fre from blow and sand holes, cracks and shot formation thereon, to be removed and a pipe when removed from the permanent mold and natural cooling is ready. foruse, without further finishing.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a soil, water or other pipe cast from molten metal, in an unyielding material, permanent inold by introducing the vmolten metal into such a mold simultaneously in equal portions and at uniform pressures and velocities to provide by the flowing of the metal in the mold thus obtained as a resultant product a pipe perfect in formation and with a smooth exterior surface, and without using gritty matter such as sand to form the mold for the casting therein of such apipe and a pipe which when removed from the mold and cool is ready for use /pliances constituting such a plant, found practically efiicientfor carrying out therein, the mode of casting metal pipes, embodying salient features of my inventiori,; in which Figures 1 and 2, are, respectively, views illustrating in top or plan and in side elevation and partly in section,

a plant of my invention, for carrying out therein, the

mode of my said invention. .illustrating partly in elevation and partly in section a Fig. 3, is a view enlarged pouring means and a permanent unyielding material 5 is.acentral longitudinal sectional view of a pipe removed from the mold, showing the general character thereof.

Referring to the drawings 6. is a cupola-furnace for -melting metal or bringing the same into a molten state.

The furnace may be ofany preferred construction with a discharge spout 7. Belowthiedischai'ge spout 7, is

Patented Nov. 12, 1907.

E arranged a ladle 8, pivotally supported by a frame-work 9. At each side of the cupola 6 and ladle 8, are arranged tracks 10, merging into tracks 11, terminating at a turntable 1.2. Upon the tracks 10 and 11, are adapted to be moved trucks 13. Each truck being provided with two series of pivotally supported ladles 14, adapted to be filled with molten metal from the receiving ladle 9, by the tilting of the same. I p

In order to reach the outer ladles of the two series of ladles 14, of the truck 13, the stationary receiving ladle 9, may be provided with a spout extension, not shown, for such purpose. As soon as the 'ladles 14, of the truck 13, are filled with molten metal, the truck is shifted upon the turntable 12, which for the purpose is provided with grooves 15, adapted to engage the flanges of the truck wheels 16, and thus hold the truck with their two series of ladles in certain definite positions. The turntable 12, is provided with permanent molds 17, one of which is arranged between two grooves 15, and held in a radial position thereon, as shown in Fig. 1. The turntable 12, is supported preferably, by wheels 18, engagingrails 19, in a pit 20, so as to hold the'turntable withits upper surface in alinement with the rails 11, of the tracks 10, as shown in Fig. 2, whereby the truck 13, can be readily shifted onto the turntable 12. The permanent molds 17, consist of a-cope 21, and a drag 22, both formed of non-yielding material, such as metal, and each has a semi-circular depression 23, arranged in alinement with each other and forming the workiug surface of the mold proper. The drag 22, may

may be formed integral with the turntable 12,.if desired. The drag 22, is provided with gates 24, of preferably U-shape outline, which as shown in Fig. 4, are arranged at definite distances apart of the mold so that the portions controlled by each of the gates are respectively uniform in length, as will bereadily understood from Fig. 4. The cope 21, is provided with pour holes 25, adapted to register with the gates 24, of the drag 22. The pour-holes 25, of the cope 21, in operative position are located directly below the spouts of the series of pouring-ladles 14, of the truck. When the truck 13, is shifted onto the turntable 12, as shown in Fig. 1, the pouring ladles 14, will be so supported by the truck 13, as that the spouts thereof will occupy a position in the same horizontal plane and will be maintained in a fixed position above the cope 21, for a purpose to be presently more fully described. The depression 23, of the cope 21 at its highest portion is provided with a channel 26, extending lengthwise of' the eope.- The core preferably used in conjunction with the cope 21, and the drag 22, consists of a permanent unyielding perforated holconsist of aseparate body, as shown in Fig. 3, or it low body 27, which serves as a support for a gritty substance covering or coating 28/. The core'so formed is placed in the depressions 23, of the cope and drag and form in conjunction therewith the mold for casting a pipe, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

When the truck 13, with its pouring ladles 14, occupy a position upon the. turntable 12, as shown in Fig. 1, both series of pouring ladles 14, preferably by means of gear-wheels 29 and 30, and a hand crank 31,

can be tilted inwards, as shown in Fig. 3, with the a fixed distance, as to eachfrom the cope, it follows that the molten metal will attain the same velocity in its discharge into the mold, and the same pressures "will attend such discharges. Consequently the same velocities and pressures of the molten metal in the depressions 23, of the cope 21, and drag 22, will be maintained and thus uniformity is established in the flow of the molten metal through the parts of the mold proper, during the entire casting operation of the molten metal into the pipe structure.- As the gates 24, of the drag 22, as already described are placed at equal distances apart, it follows that equal portions of the molten metal introduced into the mold, for the forming of the caststructures will flow in'the mold simultaneously for defined distances to meet or combine with each other, The quic and uniform flow of the molten metal from the differeht points admitted prevents any appreciable Ioweringof the temperature of the metal so that the same during the entire casting operation in the mold. proper is maintained in the best possible state or condition to fill the requirements for the casting of a perfectly formed pipe structure free from imperfections both as to the body of the structureas well as the surface thereof. Through such uniform velocity'and uniform pressure the discharge of the molten metal and uniformity in the flow thereof, in the mold, in conjunction with thesniooth or even unyielding surface of the permanent mold in the entire casting operation as defined, a pipe is had free from cracks,.

blow holes and sand holes as well as shot formations on the exterior surface to be subsequently removed as is besides sand and blow holes, which tend to weaken uch cast structures.

The gases liberated during the casting of the pipe as hereinbefore described are conveyed into the channel 26, of the cope 21,,and also into the interior of the perforated hollow core-body 27. By permitting the gases to zaccumulate in the channel '26, of the cope 21, the formation of depressions in thesurface of the pipe cast is obviated, thus preventing the weakening of the body of the cast pipe.

After the molten metal has been discharged from the pouring ladles 14, in sufiicient quantities to form a pipe in the mold 17 the truck 13, is removed from the turntable 12, and now is shifted until this truck occupies a. position opposite that shown in Fig. 1, for receiving further charges of molten metal from the receiving ladle 9, located beneath the cupola-furnace 6. in the meantime, the turntable 12, is rotated for a distance of two molds 17, apart to afford room for placing removed copesand at which distance, the grooves 15, of a succeeding mold can be-brought opposite the rails 11, and a truck 13, loaded with molten metal is then shifted onto the turntable 12, to discharge its contents in equal proportions and at the same velocities and pressures into and through the pour-holes of the cope 21, of such mold held in a position to receive the same. At which time the emptied pouring ladles 14, of the truck 13, opposite the receiving ladle 9, are filled with molten metal. After the cooling of the cast metal structurein a mold, the cope 21, is released from the drag 2 2, and placed alongside of the same on the table 12, as shown in Fig. 1, and with the pipe 32, which isready for use, removed therefrom. Upon the cleaning of the drag 22, and introduction of a core 25, .a cope 21 is again placed upon the drag 22, thereby brought into a con-.

dition for the reception of new charges of molten metal for casting in the same manner as hereinbefore described a smooth and even surfaced pipe for soil, water and other purposes.

The apparatus hereinbefore described of my said, invention showing one form of an apparatus for the carry ing out of my present method of casting pipes therein, forms the subject-matter of a separate application for a patent Serial No. 371,677, filed by me, under date of May 3, 1907.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is d 1. The mode of easing metal pipes, which consists in introducing moltenmetal in equal portions simultaneously into a permanent unyielding material mold at uniform constancy with respect to pressure and vlpcity as to metal portions poured into the-mold to provlde'as a. resultant product a pipe perfect in formation and freefrom blow and sand holes and otherimperfections.

.2. The mode of casting metal pipes, which consists in introducing molten metal, in equal] portions, simultaneously un er a uniform constancy with respect to velocity and pressure into a permanent unyielding material mold, freeing gases and volatile matter from the molten metal,

while being cast around a perforated core in the mold, so

as to produce as a resultant product, a pipe perfect in formation and free from surface imperfections.

3. The mode oi? casting pipes, which consists in simultaneously pouring molten metal in equal portions into a. permanent mold through a plurality of gates dividing the mold into equal portions with respect to the quantity of I metal contained therein and causing the meeting of such now the case in the casting of pipes insand molds with pour the same simultaneously through gates of an 11nyielding permanent mold, in equal proportions and at like pressures and velocities thereby to obtain'uniform distributions from diiferent points within the mold of the and'discharglng into is receptacle, pouring the. molten metal simultaneously from the receptacle into gates of the mold, in definite quantities and at like velocities and pressures, and in conjunction with the smooth surface of the PATENTED NOV. 12

J. M. DARRQW.

FEED BAG.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 24,1007.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1. 

